Five people have been affected by suspected pufferfish poisoning this year, with two currently hospitalised, Sabah health authorities confirmed on Saturday.

The Sabah Health Department (JKNS) reported one case in Kota Kinabalu on January 10 and four cases from the same family in Kota Marudu on January 24.

The victims, aged between 15 and 48, experienced symptoms including dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, numbness, and breathing difficulties after consuming pufferfish purchased locally.

“All five sought medical treatment. Three have been discharged, while two remain in hospital and are in stable condition,” said Sabah Health Director Dr. Maria Suleiman.

Pufferfish, or ikan buntal, contain a potent neurotoxin called tetrodotoxin (TTX), which can cause severe health complications.

“This toxin is not detectable by sight, smell, or taste, and consuming contaminated food can lead to serious symptoms, including muscle paralysis and, in severe cases, death within 24 hours,” Dr. Maria said.

Symptoms of tetrodotoxin poisoning can appear as early as 10 to 45 minutes after ingestion and include numbness of the lips, face, and limbs, nausea, and difficulty breathing.

Maria urged the public to avoid consuming pufferfish entirely.

“We advise everyone to refrain from eating foods suspected to contain tetrodotoxin. Those experiencing early symptoms of poisoning should seek immediate medical attention,” she said.

The department said it has implemented control and prevention measures, including educating affected communities about the risks of consuming pufferfish.

Educational materials on tetrodotoxin safety are available on the Health Ministry’s website and social media platforms.

The department said it will continue monitoring the situation and provide updates as necessary. – January 25, 2025.